Traditional Aikido of Santa Rosa on the "levels of training."

Training Levels

There are three basic levels of practice that can be applied to almost every technique. Through familiarization of these categories, one can grasp the stages of development most aikidokas go through. The first is the solid or rigid type. It is the fundamental level of practice, in which the partner is allowed to get a firm grasp or hold before the technique is started. The subsequent movement permits one to practice stable hip movements, "ki" extension, coordinated body movements, breathing, and other basics. The solid practice lets one move slowly against strength and power in order to feel the proper movement. The second level is the flexible approach. This intermediate step allows one to add timing and movement to the previously mentioned basics. This level is practiced by having the aggressor get close enough to almost grab or hold the aikidoka. This practice has the defender moving slowly, yet deliberately just before a complete grip is established. The third level is the flowing approach. The attacker is led even before actual physical contact is made. The attacker's intentions are drawn in and led to a throw or a hold down technique. Rhythm and timing are very important as is reading the attacker's intentions. It is at this level that one can practice "free wheeling" technique. The ability to perform flowing movements and to efficiently respond to attacks is quickly developed. When one trains and studies these fundamental parts of Aikido, one can progress to the art of "Takemusu Aiki" described later.

I offer my take on some of these ideas on my friend Janet's training blog.